2013년 12월 27일 금요일

[ORACLEJAVA스프링강좌]Spring Framework3.2,Tiles3연동(스프링프레임워크MVC3, 타일즈3 연동)

[ORACLEJAVA스프링강좌]Spring Framework3.2,Tiles3연동(스프링프레임워크MVC3, 타일즈3 연동)


자바의 스윙과 같은 전통적인 GUI 도구들은 프레임이나 윈도우에서 컨텐츠들이 어떻게 보여져야 하는지에 대한 레이아웃 관리자를 제공 하는 반면 자바웹에서는 그러한 것을 제공하지 않기에 템플릿 중심의 아키텍쳐를 표현을 위해 사용한다.
 
템플릿이란?
 
페이지의 레이아웃을 기술하기 위한 JSP 페이지 이다. 템플릿은 컨텐츠에 대한 표기 없이 애플리케이션의 페이지가 어떻게 보일 건지에 대해 정의 하는 역할을 하고 필요한 부분은 실행 시 자바 프로그램(스프링프레임워크)에 의해 동적으로 채워지게 되는 것 이다.
 
즉 컨텐츠들(템플릿에 구현 되지 않은 부분)은 실행 될 때 템플릿 페이지에 동적으로 삽입되며 여러 웹 페이지에서 동일한 템플릿을 사용하게 되는 것 이다.
 
타일즈는 컨텐츠를 레이아웃으로부터 분리하는 템플릿 메커니즘을 제공하는데 이미 설명 한 것과 같이 레이아웃(템플릿)을 작성 하고 실행 시에 레이아웃에 동적으로 컨텐츠를 삽입하는 것이 가능 하다.
 
주요 기능은 다음과 같다.
 
l  템플릿기능
l  동적 페이지의 구조와 로딩
l  스크린 definitions
l  국제화 지원
l  타일과 레이아웃 재사용을 위한 지원
 
 
타일이란?
 
타일은 웹 페이지 안에 있는 지역을 의미한다. 하나의 웹 페이지는 한 영역 또는 여러 개의 영역으로 나뉘어 집니다. 즉 JSP 페이지는 일반적으로 여러 영역의 타일로 만들어 지게 된다.
 
[그림:타일즈 레이아웃]
 
:namespace prefix = v />
 
이번 예제는 Spring Framework3.2에서 Tiles를 연동하여 Layout에 컨텐츠를 채우는 간단한 예제이다. 본예제에서 레이아웃을 담당하는 것은 Layout.jsp이며 동적으로 뷰가 만들어져 채워지는 것은 home.jsp 이다.
 
지금까지 대부분 예제에서 뷰리졸버는 넘어오는 뷰이름을 해석해서 접두어, 접미어를 붙여 뷰이름을 해석했는데 이번 예제에서 뷰리졸버는 되는 것은 TilesViewResolver 이다.
 
 
1.     Spring MVC 프로젝트를 하나 만들자. (springtiles 라고 하자)
(top level package이름은 a.b.springtiles로 주자)
 
2.     Spring MVC 템플릿으로 제공되는 컨트롤러 와 뷰를 그대로 이용하면서 타일즈를 위한 jsp파일만 몆 개 만들기로 하자,  먼저 pom.xml 이다. 타일즈를 위한 부분만 확인 하자. Tiles3.0.1을 이용하였고 이를 위해 Spring Framework 버전도 3.2이상을 사용하였다. 나머지는 Spring MVC 템플릿 그대로 이다.
 
[pom.xml]
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd">
       <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
       <groupId>a.b</groupId>
       <artifactId>springtiles</artifactId>
       <name>springtiles</name>
       <packaging>war</packaging>
       <version>1.0.0-BUILD-SNAPSHOT</version>
       <properties>
             <java-version>1.6</java-version>
             <org.springframework-version>3.2.3.RELEASE</org.springframework-version>
             <org.aspectj-version>1.6.10</org.aspectj-version>
             <org.slf4j-version>1.6.6</org.slf4j-version>
             <tiles.version>3.0.1</tiles.version>
       </properties>
       <dependencies>
             <!-- Spring -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
                    <exclusions>
                           <!-- Exclude Commons Logging in favor of SLF4j -->
                           <exclusion>
                                 <groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
                                 <artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
                           </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>
             </dependency>
 
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
             </dependency>
 
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
             </dependency>
            
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
                    <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.springframework-version}</version>
             </dependency>
 
             <!-- tiles -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tiles-core</artifactId>
                    <version>${tiles.version}</version>
             </dependency>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.apache.tiles</groupId>
                    <artifactId>tiles-jsp</artifactId>
                    <version>${tiles.version}</version>
             </dependency>
 
 
             <!-- AspectJ -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.aspectj</groupId>
                    <artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.aspectj-version}</version>
             </dependency>
 
             <!-- Logging -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
             </dependency>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
                    <scope>runtime</scope>
             </dependency>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
                    <version>${org.slf4j-version}</version>
                    <scope>runtime</scope>
             </dependency>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>log4j</groupId>
                    <artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
                    <version>1.2.15</version>
                    <exclusions>
                           <exclusion>
                                 <groupId>javax.mail</groupId>
                                 <artifactId>mail</artifactId>
                           </exclusion>
                           <exclusion>
                                 <groupId>javax.jms</groupId>
                                 <artifactId>jms</artifactId>
                           </exclusion>
                           <exclusion>
                                 <groupId>com.sun.jdmk</groupId>
                                 <artifactId>jmxtools</artifactId>
                           </exclusion>
                           <exclusion>
                                 <groupId>com.sun.jmx</groupId>
                                 <artifactId>jmxri</artifactId>
                           </exclusion>
                    </exclusions>
                    <scope>runtime</scope>
             </dependency>
 
             <!-- @Inject -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>javax.inject</groupId>
                    <artifactId>javax.inject</artifactId>
                    <version>1</version>
             </dependency>
 
             <!-- Servlet -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                    <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
                    <version>2.5</version>
                    <scope>provided</scope>
             </dependency>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
                    <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
                    <version>2.1</version>
                    <scope>provided</scope>
             </dependency>
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
                    <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
                    <version>1.2</version>
             </dependency>
 
             <!-- Test -->
             <dependency>
                    <groupId>junit</groupId>
                    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
                    <version>4.7</version>
                    <scope>test</scope>
             </dependency>
       </dependencies>
       <build>
             <plugins>
                    <plugin>
                           <artifactId>maven-eclipse-plugin</artifactId>
                           <version>2.9</version>
                           <configuration>
                                 <additionalProjectnatures>
                                        <projectnature>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springnature</projectnature>
                                 </additionalProjectnatures>
                                 <additionalBuildcommands>
                                        <buildcommand>org.springframework.ide.eclipse.core.springbuilder</buildcommand>
                                 </additionalBuildcommands>
                                 <downloadSources>true</downloadSources>
                                 <downloadJavadocs>true</downloadJavadocs>
                           </configuration>
                    </plugin>
                    <plugin>
                           <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                           <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
                           <version>2.5.1</version>
                           <configuration>
                                 <source>1.6</source>
                                 <target>1.6</target>
                                 <compilerArgument>-Xlint:all</compilerArgument>
                                 <showWarnings>true</showWarnings>
                                 <showDeprecation>true</showDeprecation>
                           </configuration>
                    </plugin>
                    <plugin>
                           <groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId>
                           <artifactId>exec-maven-plugin</artifactId>
                           <version>1.2.1</version>
                           <configuration>
                                 <mainClass>org.test.int1.Main</mainClass>
                           </configuration>
                    </plugin>
             </plugins>
       </build>
</project>
 
 
3.     컨트롤러이다.
 
 
package a.b.springtiles;
 
import java.text.DateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.Locale;
 
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
 
/**
 * Handles requests for the application home page.
 */
@Controller
public class OnjController {
          
           private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(OnjController.class);
 
           @RequestMapping(value = "/hello", method = RequestMethod.GET)
           public String hello(Locale locale, Model model) {
                     logger.info("Welcome home! The client locale is {}.", locale);
                    
                     Date date = new Date();
                     DateFormat dateFormat = DateFormat.getDateTimeInstance(DateFormat.LONG, DateFormat.LONG, locale);
                    
                     String formattedDate = dateFormat.format(date);
                    
                     model.addAttribute("serverTime", formattedDate );  
                     return "hello";
           }
          
}
 
 
4.     web.xml
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
 
       <!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
       <context-param>
             <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
             <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value>
       </context-param>
      
       <!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters -->
       <listener>
             <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
       </listener>
 
       <!-- Processes application requests -->
       <servlet>
             <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
             <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
             <init-param>
                    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
                    <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value>
             </init-param>
             <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
       </servlet>
            
       <servlet-mapping>
             <servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name>
             <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>
       </servlet-mapping>
 
</web-app>
 
 
 
 
5.     servlet-context.xml
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
      xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> 
     
      <context:component-scan base-package="a.b.springtiles" /> 
      <context:annotation-config /> 
      <mvc:annotation-driven /> 
     
      <!-- 아래 타일즈를 위한  TilesViewResolver, TilesConfigurer는 스프링3.2 이상에서만...-->
      <bean id="tilesviewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesViewResolver" /> 
      <bean id="tilesConfigurer" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.tiles3.TilesConfigurer"> 
           <property name="definitions"> 
                <list> 
                     <value>/WEB-INF/tiles/tiles.xml</value> 
                </list> 
           </property> 
      </bean> 
 </beans> 
 
 
 
6.     root-context.xml
 
별 내용없다.
 
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
 <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" 
      xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
      xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p" 
      xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" 
      xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" 
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
      http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"> 
     
 </beans> 
 
 
 
7.     WEB-INF/tiles/tiles.xml
 
 
<!DOCTYPE tiles-definitions PUBLIC 
        "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Tiles Configuration 3.0//EN" 
        "http://tiles.apache.org/dtds/tiles-config_3_0.dtd">  
<tiles-definitions>   
 
<definition name="tilesbase"  
    template="/views/layout.jsp">   
    <put-attribute name="title" value="" />        
    <put-attribute name="header" value="/views/header.jsp" />   
    <put-attribute name="menu" value="/views/menu.jsp" />      
    <put-attribute name="body" value="" />       
    <put-attribute name="footer" value="/views/footer.jsp" />   
</definition>      
 
 <!-- 컨트롤러에서 리턴해 주는 뷰이름,본예제는 hello  -->
<definition name="hello" extends="tilesbase">    
    <put-attribute name="title" value="OracleJava Community, MVC HelloWorld by Tiles" />     
    <put-attribute name="body" value="/views/home.jsp" />    
</definition>  
 
</tiles-definitions>
 
 
 
8.     webapps/views/footer.jsp
 
Copyright ⓒ oraclejava community
 
 
9.     webapps/views/header.jsp
 
<h1>ORACLEJAVA COMMUNITY</h1>
 
10.   webapps/views/home.jsp
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
<%@ page session="false"  %>
<h1>
       Hello world! 
</h1>
 
<P>  The time on the server <br> is ${serverTime}. </P>
 
 
 
11.   webapps/views/menu.jsp
 
<table> 
      <tr> 
           <td><a href="http://www.onjprogramming.co.kr">ONJProgramming</a></td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
           <td><a href="http://www.oraclejavanew.kr">oraclejavanew.kr</a></td> 
      </tr> 
      <tr> 
           <td><a href="http://www.onjystems.co.kr">onjsystems.co.kr</a></td> 
      </tr> 
 </table>
 
12.   레이아웃(템플릿) 역할을 하는 webapps/views/layout.jsp
 
<%@ taglib uri="http://tiles.apache.org/tags-tiles" prefix="tiles"%>
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
"http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<title>
<tiles:insertAttribute name="title" ignore="true" />
</title>
</head>
<body>
<table border="1" align="center">
       <tr>
             <td height="30" colspan="2"><tiles:insertAttribute name="header" />
             </td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
             <td height="200"><tiles:insertAttribute name="menu" /></td>
             <td width="300"><tiles:insertAttribute name="body" /></td>
       </tr>
       <tr>
             <td height="20" colspan="2"><tiles:insertAttribute name="footer" />
             </td>
       </tr>
</table>
</body>
</html>
 
 
 
 
 
 
13.   결과
 
 
 
 
 



[그림:Spring Framework3 Tiles3 연동 실행화면]
 

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